**Server:** If you have developed an application locally and want to deploy it to the real world, you need to host it on a public server, such as Google.com or devopse.com.
Physical Server:** A physical server is hardware that includes a motherboard, CPU, memory, I/O controller, and an operating system used directly. For example, if a server has 100 GB of memory and an application is deployed that only utilizes 10 GB, the remaining memory is wasted. This underutilization means that resources are not being used efficiently. Physical servers are typically stored in server rooms or data centers. Additionally, maintaining physical servers can be quite costly. Many organizations are transitioning from physical servers to the cloud to use resources more efficiently.
**Hypervisor:** To understand virtual machines, we need to know about hypervisors. A hypervisor is software that allows you to run multiple virtual machines on a single physical machine, providing logical isolation among the servers with different virtual machines. Popular hypervisors include VMware and Xen.
**Virtual Machine:** Virtual machines (VMs) break physical servers down logically using a hypervisor, allowing for more efficient use of resources. Examples of virtual machines include VMware, Xen, and Amazon WorkSpaces. A virtual machine operates as an independent operating system, functioning like a separate computer on your desktop. Companies like Amazon and Microsoft create data centres, install physical servers, and maintain these servers. Hypervisors are then installed on the physical servers to create virtual machines based on the selected location, making them available for purchase by the required individuals. To avoid latency, we choose locations near data centers.
**Advantages of Virtual Machines:**
- Reduction in hardware costs by decreasing the number of required physical servers
- Scalability
- Enhanced security and reliability
- More efficient updates that can be performed simultaneously
- Increased redundancy, ensuring that if one instance fails, the others in the virtual machine can still be accessed.
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